T1 CARRIER

In digital communications, T1 is the carrier used in North America, Australia, and Japan. Although originally developed to transmit voice conversations, Ti is also suitable for data and image transmissions, and it is commonly used for such purposes.

T-3

A leased-line connection capable of carrying data at 44,736,000 bits-per- second, enough for full-screen, full-motion video. See Bandwidth, Bit, Byte, Ethernet, T-l.

TAGGED IMAGE FILE FORMAT (TIFF)

Tiff is a very flexible format and it is an attempt at standardization within the imaging industry. Tiff is operating system independent and display devise independent. This allows images to be transported across systems. A format used for image storage. This is a standard format also used for FAX transmissions. Group 4-compressed TIFF is the most common implementation of this standard.

TAGGED IMAGE FILE FORMAT (TIFF) FILES

The file format that stores digital images. Composite Machine accepts just TIFF Images as input.

TAPE DENSITY

A measure of how much data can fit on a magnetic tape.

TAPE DRIVE

A tape drive is a sequential access storage device that is often used for backing up hard disk systems. Because of their large capacity (250 megabyte drives are common) and relatively high speed, tape drives are a popular backup medium for networks.

TASK

A separately dispatchable function on a computer.

TB

Terabyte.

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol.

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol - TCP/IP is a suite of several networking protocols, developed for use on the Internet. The suite has proven very popular, and it is also used for most Unix implementations as well as other platforms. The only real competition for the TCP/IP suite is provided by protocols that have been or are being developed for the emerging OSI Reference Model.

TEL

Telephone Initiated Entry. A one-time ACH debit entry initiated in accordance with a consumer's verbal authorization, usually for the purchase of goods and services via the telephone.

TELECOMMUTING

Working in the home and communicating with the office by computer.

TELETYPE

One of the oldest, most cost-effective peripherals for computer communications operating at 10 characters per second or 110 baud.

TELNET

The virtual terminal protocol in the Internet suite of protocols. Allows users of one host to log into a remote host and interact as normal terminal users of that host.

TEMPORARY GROUP

A group you set up when you want to apply a characteristic to, or to edit a few images. A temporary group is disbanded when you deselect it.

TERABYTE (TB)

1,099,551,627,776 bytes, often used to mean one trillion bytes (1,000,000,000,000). 1000 gigabytes. See Byte, Kilobyte.

TERMINAL

A device connected to a computer network that acts as a point for information entry or retrieval. Personal computers can act as network terminals, by running terminal emulation (communication) programs.

TERMINAL EMULATION

Terminal emulation is a process or program by which a computer behaves as if it were a particular model of dumb terminal. For example, terminal emulation may be used in order to enable the PC to communicate with a mainframe machine. Most communications software packages will permit a personal computer or workstation to communicate with another computer or network as if it were a specific type of hardware terminal.

TERMINAL EMULATOR

A program that allows a computer to emulate a terminal. The workstation thus appears as a terminal to the remote host.

TERMINAL SERVER

A device that allows asynchronous devices such as terminals to select and communicate with hosts or other devices over a network.

TEXT

In the context of imaging, words and numerals in electronic data form. A string of characters. A text file should contain only characters as opposed to codes or commands.

TEXT MENU

Contains commands for working with text, including the Font, Style, and Justification commands.

TEXT NODE

The area in the layout where text goes. The large text block contains the composite file; text nodes below the individual image nodes are for people's names.

TEXT RETRIEVAL SOFTWARE

Enables you to retrieve electronic documents from databases by entering 'key' words in a text search field. Documents containing the text you entered are retrieved from the database, and presented to you in a list ranked by relevancy.

THIN CLIENT

A cut-down network terminal with no local processing power, such as a Network Computer (NC).

THIRD PARTY NETWORK

These act as electronic post offices. Companies send data to an electronic mailbox on the network rather than directly to trading partners, thus freeing them from maintaining individual connections with all partners. Networks also allow companies to transmit data at their convenience and to use different transmission protocols and line speeds. Third party networks can also provide other value-added services such as message logging, message tracking, 24-hour customer support and consulting. See Value Added Network (VAN).

THIRD PARTY PROCESSOR

A company that processes ACH files and transactions on behalf of banks or other participants to those transactions.

THIRD-CLASS MAIL

See Standard A Mail. The name change took place during the USPS Classification Reform on July 1, 1996.

THRESHOLD

When a scanner has a predefined level set to determine whether a pixel will be represented as white or black.

THRESHOLDING

Process by which, in a photo detector, i.e., photodiode, CCD, the analog gradation of dark to light is recognized by the scanner's detection mechanism to produce digital signals.

THROUGHPUT

The speed at which documents pass through a transport, usually described in documents per minute. See Rated Throughput, Wallclock Throughput.

THUMBNAIL

An icon-like, small representation of an image used to visually identify the image.

TIFF

Tagged Image File Format.

TIFF (TAGGED IMAGE FILE FORMAT)

An industry standard file format developed for the purpose of storing high-resolution bit-mapped, gray-scale, and color images.

TILING

Method of breaking a digital image into identically-sized, perfectly interlocking regions.

TIME OUT

What happens when two computers are talking and one fails to respond within a certain time, for whatever reason.

TITLE BAR

The bar at the top of a window that shows the name of the window. When the application is active, horizontal lines appear in the title bar.

T-L

A leased-line connection capable of carrying data at 1,544,000 bits-per-second. At maximum capacity, a T-l line could move a megabyte in less than 10 seconds. That is still not fast enough for full-screen, full-motion video, which needs at least 10,000,000 bits-per-second.

TOKEN RING

Token Ring is a network architecture that uses a ring network topology and a token- passing strategy to control access to the network. This type of architecture works best with networks that handle heavy data traffic from many users, because of inherent fairness rules in token passing as an access method. A type of LAN with nodes wired into a ring. Each node constantly passes a control message (token) on to the next. Whichever node has the token can send a message. Often used to refer to the IEEE 802.5 token ring standard, which is the most common type of token ring.

TONAL RESOLUTION

The number of levels of gray in a black and white image.

TOOLKIT

A collection of programming subroutine libraries that software developers can use to make programming easier. Instead of rewriting all of the code for common routines, toolkits provide pre-written routines.

TOP (TECHNICAL OFFICE PROTOCOL)

TOP is an architecture that provides standards for the representation and exchange of messages, documents, and other files in office settings. TOP provides APIs (Application Program Interfaces) for a variety of file types, including electronic mail (e-mail), office documents and graphics files. These APls are built upon the seven-layer OSI Reference Model.

TOPOLOGY

The arrangement of cable and nodes in the network, known as the network topology , is also considered part of the hardware. The physical topology represents the physical layout of the network, and is distinguished from the logical topology, which determines how communication takes place on the network. The logical topology may be bus or ring; the physical topology might be bus, ring, star, mesh, tree, and so on.

TRACK

Path followed by the write or the read beam. In an optical system, the track consists of the Groove (recordable) and the Land (unrecordable).

TRAILER

The ending segment of a set of segments. The trailer is a control structure.

TRAILING EDGE

The left edge of a check when its face (front) is viewed.

TRAN CODE

Transaction Code. The record that identifies the type of transaction, such as a debit or credit, and the type of account against which it will post (e.g., checking, savings, loan); two-digit code in an ACH record.

TRANSACTION

A transaction is an interaction between a client and a server. For example, a transaction may be a request, the transfer of data, or the termination of a connection. An ATM (automated teller machine) session is an example of a transaction. The transaction is the smallest complete action when using SQL (Structured Query Language) to search or modify a database. In SQL, if any step in the transaction cannot be carried out, the entire transaction fails, and all the intermediate steps in the transaction are undone. A balanced group of credit and debit documents.

TRANSACTION PROCESSING

The processing of transactions by the computer as they are received either as they are entered at the terminal or as received over a communications line. Contrast with Batch Processing.

TRANSACTION SET

A transaction set unambiguously defines, in a standard syntax, information of business or strategic significance and consists of transaction set header segment, one or more data segments in a specified order and transaction set trailer segments.

TRANSACTION SET HEADER AREA

Contains segment information pertinent to the entire transaction set.

TRANSFER

To copy or move information from one computer to another.

TRANSIT FIELD

A field in the MICR line of a check. Together with the routing code, it identifies the bank on which a check is drawn.

TRANSIT NUMBER

The field on a check that shows which Federal Reserve District the check is drawn on, which FED office it will be cleared through, whether the item receives immediate credit and which financial institution the check is drawn on. See MICR Line.

TRANSIT ROUTING SYMBOL

A number on a check or draft, which facilitates routing for collection of funds from the drawer bank by the Federal Reserve. The Transit Routing Symbol appears in the MICR line at the bottom of the instrument, as well as in the fraction in the upper right hand corner. The number represents the Federal Reserve District of the drawer bank, the Federal Reserve Bank head office or branch through which the item should be cleared and whether the item is available for immediate credit of funds.

TRANSIT SYMBOL

The Transit Symbol is used to bracket the contents of the Routing Field.

TRANSLATION / TRANSLATOR

The act of accepting documents and translating them to or from an ASC XI2 EDI format. The software performs the translation.

TRANSLATION SOFTWARE

Software that formats outgoing application generated data into EDI data (document generation) or in the reverse, incoming EDI data into application usable data (document interpretation).

TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL (TCP)

The major transport protocol in the Internet suite of protocols providing reliable, connection-oriented, full-duplex streams.

TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL/INTERNET PROTOCOL (TCP/IP)

This is the suite of protocols that defines the Internet. Originally designed for the UNIX operating system, TCP/IP software is now available for all kinds of computer operating systems. The communication protocols on which the Internet is based.

TRANSPORT

A device that processes documents down a track. Transports can include the capability to capture OCR and/or MICR data, perform CAR, endorse, I encode, microfilm, image and sort documents.

TRANSPORT LAYER

The OSI layer that is responsible for reliable end-to-end data transfer between end systems.

TRAY

A container used to hold letters and flats. Trays of mail need to be sleeved and strapped. They can be picked up free of charge from a post office.

TRC/TRX

See Truncated Check Entry.

TREE

A way of organizing information with general categories at the top, subcategories below and narrower subcategories on a further level.

TROJAN HORSE

A computer program, which carries a means to allow the creator of the program access to the system using it. See Virus, Worm.

TRUNCATED CHECK ENTRY (TRC/TCX)

An early attempt by NACHA to promote an ACH format for truncated checks. In the case of TRC/TRX, the original check is safe kept by a financial institution somewhere along the collection stream, which creates the ACH item to clear and settle the transaction electronically.

TSR

(Terminate and Stay Resident) Programs that stay in memory so that they can be pooped up over a currently running application by simply hitting a hotkey. Used frequently in DOS applications.

TUBA

The OSI layer that is responsible for reliable end-to-end data transfer between end systems.

TUNNELING

A method for encrypting and encapsulating trusted IP traffic for transmission across an untrusted network, usually the Internet, for eventual de-encapsulation and decryption.

TURNAROUND TIME

The amount of time required to complete a computer task and get the results back to the user.

TURNKEY SYSTEM

A computer system, which is designed to meet the needs of a particular type of user. The user should be able to turn it on and begin running the system with all applications functional.

TWAIN

A programming interface that lets an application such as imaging, activate a scanner. Meant to eliminate separate drivers for every scanner. A scanning interface standard developed to address the need for consistent, easy integration of scanners with document imaging programs. Software programs that are written to support the TWAIN standard are capable of controlling any TWAIN compliant scanner.

TWISTED PAIR

Common networking cable consisting of wires twisted together. Twisted pair is the same cabling as used by telephones. It uses copper wiring for transmission. It comes in both shielded and unshielded. The shielded pair is more resistant to interference allowing for faster transmission speeds and distances between nodes. The signal wires for this cable come in pairs that are wrapped around each other. They may be solid (consisting of a single wire) or stranded (consisting of many thin wires wrapped tightly together). A twisted-pair cable usually contains multiple twisted-pairs; 2, 4, 6, 8, 25, 50, or 100 twisted-pair bundles are common. For network applications, 2-and 4-pair cables are most commonly used.

TWO-PASS WORKFLOW

An imaging workflow that utilizes two passes to process transactions. The first pass serves to capture data and images to be distributed to various workstations (PCs) for keying. Once all transactions in a batch are keyed, balanced, and any additional data has been entered, only the checks are sent through the transport for a second pass to be power encoded.

TYPEFACE

A unique name which identifies the set of physical and conceptual characteristics on which a font's design is based.